Skills required by a project manager Essay Example for Free

Aptitudes required by a venture supervisor Essay The undertaking supervisor is typically given the position and the sole duty of guaranteeing that the bearing with which a particular task is followed. He works completely under the rule and the objective of the assigned venture or the entire association. One of the significant duties is to guarantee that the end things of the venture are met for example when, by whom, what, costs, assets, discipline and so on inside the firm. (Link and Adams, 1989) In spite of the fact that the undertaking chief normally reports to the head supervisor of the organization, the person in question has the authority of characterizing the authoritative structure and guarantees that there is compelling administration of the considerable number of areas in the creation units. Since the venture supervisor controls the viability of the undertakings being embraced, by and large, the person can allot and screen the financial plans inside their ward. The undertaking administrator additionally imparts all issues concerning the organization to the senior supervisor or the president for explanation on any issue that is pending. The venture chief additionally speaks with the clients straightforwardly particularly when managing formal undertakings. So as to in this way play out the above assignments, a task supervisor ought to have the option to have amazing abilities and capabilities. One of the aptitudes that is essential is the capacity to impart viably both with the administration and the clients accordingly requiring great relational abilities. The venture chief ought to likewise have the option to arrange issues and screen their execution particularly by junior officials. (Adams, 1990) In situations when the task chief is required to designate an associate venture administrator, the undertaking supervisor must have the option to be reasonable and treat others similarly paying little heed to their age, sexual orientation, race or inability. Since venture director can design and execute an undertaking effectively, the person must have the option to have a wide blend of abilities both picked up in a scholastic stance and in an exploratory view point. The character of the individual ought to likewise be totally powerful in that the task chief must have the option to have critical thinking capacities. The factor of being persevering, legitimate and devoted can't likewise be neglected. With such characteristics, the task chief will in this way have the option to pose infiltrating inquiries, resolve relational clashes and distinguish undefined suppositions. An undertaking supervisor is relied upon to have high level of association outfitted towards achievement of assignments accessible. The person in question is required to stand separated from the lesser representatives by excellence of position held and help those under them in explanation of issues identifying with the occupations and furthermore upholding for employees’ rights where there is bias. (Adams, 1990) The general duties regarding the venture director would be; hazard examination, time assessing, quality control, advantage acknowledgment, asset arranging, and client contact. Overseeing dangers and issues, arranging and characterizing extent of the task, documentation, action sequencing, group initiative, spending advancement, creating plans, strategic affecting and making graphs and timetables (Cable and Adams, 1989) Elevated level posting Since the organization needs to have an undertaking supervisor from the creation division, coming up next are the necessities for this position. The individual ought to have at any rate ten years involvement with the situation of venture the board in a bustling assembling organization. The person in question must be an extraordinary cooperative person who is prepared to work with others in the organization. The individual ought to likewise have a demonstrated reputation of difficult work particularly with the help of applicable scholarly foundation. Reference Adams, J. (1990):â Roles and Responsibilities of the Project Manager, Project Management Institute Link, D., and Adams, J. (1989): Organizing for Project Management, Upper Darby, PA: Project Management Institute, Dinsmore Paul C., (1990):â Human Factors in Project Management.â New York: AMACOM,

Synaptic transmission and how drugs may modify this activity essays

Synaptic transmission and how medications may change this action papers Talk about the system of synaptic transmission and how medications may change this movement. Neural connections are pivotal to the capacity of the sensory system. Most of the neurotransmitters in the sensory system in vertebrates are compound neurotransmitters, where synthetic substances are utilized to transmit data between cells; anyway there are additionally some electrical neurotransmitters (Carlson 2004, Sjaastad et al. 2003). The phones in smooth musculature and heart musculature are electrically associated through hole intersections which are incredibly huge protein channels shaping layer pores reaching out from cell to cell, empowering little atoms and particles to move uninhibitedly between the phones (Sjaastad et al. 2003). Be that as it may, in any case, most of the neural connections in vertebrates are compound. Instrument of synthetic synaptic transmission At the point when a nerve drive arrives at a synthetic neural connection, synapses, which are signal particles, are discharged from the nerve terminal and diffuse to the layer of the objective cell (Sjaastad et al. 2003). The objective cell contains receptor atoms where the synapses tie, and this coupling will brings about changes in the layer potential, and will energize or repress the electrical movement of the objective cell (Sjaastad et al. 2003). In the pre-synaptic cell, you can discover little vesicles containing the combined synapses, and the activity potential will cause a deluge of Ca2+ through voltage-gated calcium channels, melding the vesicle film with the presynaptic layer causing an arrival of the synapse into the synaptic split (Carlson 2004, Sjaastad et al. 2003). The synapse will diffuse over the synaptic split, and when the synapses tie to the postsynaptic receptors, these receptors will open synapse subordinate particle channels (Sjaastad et al. 2003). There are a t any rate two unique methods of opening these channels: legitimately and in a roundabout way (Carlson 2004). In the immediate strategy, the particle channel ... <!

Global Operations Management Example

Global Operations Management Example Global Operations Management â€" Essay Example > Issues on Globalization HERE Global Operations Management FEBRUARY 13, 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS What are some of the issues the host foreign country could face as a result of the expansion? 3 2.Explain what cultural barriers and diversity issues are commonly encountered by international/multinational (MNC) and global organizations 3 3. Why has diversity become such an important topic in the international arena? 5 4. What can occur when issues related to multiculturalism and diversity are ignored in an international company? 5 5. Describe at least 2 political and 2 economic issues that may arise during global expansion and proposed methods of addressing them. 6 6. Explain the importance of and the implications of each of these items PPQ Partss expansion plans to Germany and Japan. 6 References 8 Issues on globalization 1. What are some of the issues the host foreign country could face as a result of the expansion? A company who wishes to enter the global market has several issues to be to be resolved. The Agriculture and Consumer Protection (ACP) suggests three major issues for consideration. Accordingly, these are: first, the company should have an intensive review of the market, that is a study of the external environment. PPQ must study the segments needed and determine if there is a need for intermediaries. PPQ should also think about whether the company will obtain the product or make it themselves. PPQ should also make a decision on investment and control â€"whether they will need to enter an agreement for a joint venture, acquisition or by exporting as a means of entering Japan or Germany. In addition, ACP identified strategies in entering a market. PPQ can easily enter a market if they have a superior product; if the have modifications to existing product; if the product availability is assured, if they have a lower price strategy, and their product adheres to total adaptability. In brief, they should know the weaknesses and strength of the company by having an in depth study of its own internal environment 2. Explain what cultural barriers and diversity issues are commonly encountered by international/multinational (MNC) and global organizations. The most common cultural barrier encountered by global organizations is the language barrier. A worker may be intimidated to speak to co workers or supervisors when he/she speaks little English. This barrier may be dangerous for the job. Morris, Carol, ( February 2002), a planning consultant, mentioned in his article that people in the construction are of greater risk of having accident on the job because of lack of understanding of safety standards. Morris and Etho Connect (2009)also cited cultural diversity that includes roles and status, personal space, body language and religion. Some culture prefers to have personal space distance when talking to someone, establish an eye contact and shown to have different negotiating styles. There are countries that still value their roles in society, like in some countries women, are still subordin ate to men. They are not comfortable working with American counterparts, or will not speak or look directly in the eyes. In the same way, males are not at ease with female supervisors. Morris also mentioned that in many cultures, personal space becomes a barrier. For in instance, Americans prefer to have about a space of about five feet apart when conversing while different cultures prefer to have their own personal space. Japanese and Germans desire to have more distance, while Arabs and Latinos want to get closer. PPQ managers should also understand body language because it can be interpreted in many ways, like some want to shake hands, others do not. Germans like shaking hands every time they meet with people and to address people cordially calling him Mr. or Ms. or Frau Dr. as titles are important to them. (Think quest) In some cultures, religion plays an important role. For example, Muslims have to pray three times a day, while others are not allowed to work on certain days because of belief. We also have to respect personal appearance of a person because hygiene, grooming, and eating habits vary from culture to culture. Morris said that Muslims may want to wear their headdress because of custom. Also, immigrants from India, Turkey or other countries eat a lot of spices thus emitting a body odor that is unwelcome to some. 3. Why has diversity become such an important topic in the international arena? Diversity has become an important topic in international arena because it is a manifestation of the changes in the world and in the market place. Understanding diversity of each individual brings high value to an organization and creates competitive advantage and increases work productivity. Accepting cultural diversity in the workplace creates a successful place to communicate and creating a work environment that includes everyone, assuring that everyone will be given fair treatment. It becomes a hot topic because lack of understanding on the diversity of everyone causes misunderstanding and problems in the workplace. Communication barriers may be a cause of lack of productivity, as someone interprets the words used in other way 4. What can occur when issues related to multiculturalism and diversity are ignored in an international company? Several issues might occur when multiculturalism and diversity are ignored in an international organization, and according to Gagnon, Mathew (2007), its effect to the company are “ineffective employment of company resources, ineffective realization of organizational objectives and general loss of competitiveness. When multiculturalism and diversity are ignored in the company, Gagnon said, in his study, that employees feel undervalued, and less innovative. 5. Describe at least 2 political and 2 economic issues that may arise during global expansion and proposed methods of addressing them. International companies face political and economic issues during global expansion. An example of this is the political risk that can be defined as losing money due to changes that occur in a country’s government. Christy, John (2012). Examples of political risks are war, military coups or threats of terrorism or even threat of expropriation of assets. Political risks may also be thru changes of a new president or ruling party, or amendments or new legislations. These, I believe, are interrelated with economic issue, as these changes can have a big impact on the country’s profitability and the way investors feel about the prospects of the country. Proposed method of managing political risks. Managing political risks is difficult to assert and quantify. To start with, John Christy suggested studying country briefings because it has a lot of information that includes the country’s economy, government and politics. Also, it is better to keep in mind, if there is an impending national elections, company should know the parties involved and its economic policies because these parties may have diverse policies with the company’s own beliefs. As political risks cannot be totally ignored, one suggestion that matt ers in global expansion is not to put all your eggs in one basket, meaning, the company should learn to diversify and to invest in other countries as well so that it would not hurt so much if the company had miss the political calculation. (John, Christy) 6. Explain the importance of and the implications of each of these items in PPQ Partss expansion plans to Germany and Japan. It is assumed here that PPQ is a U S based company, and it has plans to enter Germany and Japan. Although a lot of Japanese are now well versed with the English language, language is still a barrier. The way they communicate may be interpreted to several meanings. An exchange of calling cards to them is the start of a business transaction, and so, one should take care of it, as it is means disrespect if one should write on it or simply put it away. Several customs have to be studied in order to have good business relations with Japanese and the implication of not understanding these is poor business relations and unfortunate impressions from the Japanese people. PPQ would not like to lose the trust of the Japanese people and its business just because of miscommunication. PPQ will have to deal with communication problem in Germany because according to Think Quest (1998), not all Germans know how to speak English, and even if they do, they are not comfortable in using it. So, the implication here, is that there will be a need for PPQ personnel to learn German language for smooth transaction References ACP - Agriculture and Consumer Protection (n. d. ) Chapter 7 Market Entry Strategies. FAO Document repository Retrieved 11 February 2012 http: //www. fao. org/docrep/W5973E/w5973e0b. htm Christy, John, 2012. Understanding and managing political risks. About. com. International Investing. Retrieved 10 February 2012 http: //internationalinvest. about. com/od/globalmarkets101/a/countryresearch. htm Ethno Connect (2009). What is cultural diversity? Ethno Connect. com. Retrieved 11 February 2012 http: //www. ethnoconnect. com/html/articles_01.html Gagnon, Mathew 2007. Managing Diversity for Global Businesses: What Will A Successful Program Look Like? Kausiki Mukhopadhyay Workforce Diversity in International Management â€" Spring Interterm 2007 Retrieved 11 February 2012portfolio. du. edu/portfolio/getportfoliofile? uid=8262 Morris, Carol. (2002) Cultural and language barriers in the workplace. 2002. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Workforce Development Board. retrieved 11 February 2012 www. charlotteworks. org/clbpositionpaper. pd Think quest. (1999) Introductions and meeting people. Oracle. Think quest Retrieved 11 February 2012 http: //library. thinkquest. org/26576/introductionpage. htm

Why Not Receive A Vaccine - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1794 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/08/07 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Vaccines Essay Did you like this example? Vaccines   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The invention of vaccines has impacted health care over the course of history by curing diseases, preventing sickness, and creating advancements in medical technology. Through their research, a numerous amount of scientists have contributed to the vaccinations we have today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the many diseases of the time was smallpox. Studies show that about five out of every fifteen people died from obtaining smallpox. The symptoms included a fever, severe pain, and a rash that was characterized by pustules. Most people who made it through the sickness were either left blind or had damage to the brain. As a matter of fact, the U.S. Army lost the Battle of Quebec because of this illness. Great Britains soldiers had been vaccinated, while the United States was not. The vaccine was introduced by a man named Edward Jenner in 1796, but the first person to actually use a vaccine was a farmer. His name was Benjamin Jerry and he vaccinated his family against smallpox in the 1774 epidemic. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why Not Receive A Vaccine?" essay for you Create order   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A considerable amount of people did not have any defense against sickness in the mid- 19th century. There were instances when the disease was fatal and there was absolutely no cure to help the community. Vaccines had continued to improve as time went on. In 1882, Robert Koch created a vaccine for tubercle bacillus, otherwise known as tuberculosis. Louis Pasteur then generated another one from an infected rabbit brain in 1885. He took the material from the brain and transformed the substance into a vaccine. This vaccine was used to prevent against rabies and has been developed more efficiently since then.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the early twentieth century, vaccinations were still flourishing and eradicating even more diseases. Pertussis was another dangerous illness of the time. Studies show that 142, 271 cases were said to exist. There were no vaccinations to prevent it until 1930.   The vaccine provided relief to those who had the chance of getting infected with the disease. With the medical improvements of our modern time, there were only 15,632 cases in 2006, decreasing to about 20 cases now. In 1931, the tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and pertussis vaccines were introduced, creating an even safer environment for the communities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Polio was a major sickness that also effected tons of people. Young children were easily infected with polio, hence the reason there were so many that died . Most did not even make it until the age of five without dying since there were no vaccinations. A vaccine was then created in 1969 by Albert Sabin. This vaccine helped tremendously with the population and increased the health of children all over the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   You may be asking, why does this matter when dealing with research? Well, without that these people, there would be no information or any of the techniques that we have today. These scientists led technology into a whole new perspective, influencing our health and safety through the invention of vaccinations. Without them, we probably would not be as healthy as we are now. Quite a few of us would be sick with a disease or even dead because of an illness. A handful of individuals question the safety of vaccines, saying that they can cause even bigger problems than there already is. Although, the whole point of having them is to ensure our health is great and to protect us from getting sick. Studies have shown that these injections do not directly give you a disease, its the side effects that occur because of receiving it. Everyone has a different immune system that may act more unusual compared to others. Whether the vaccine is dead or alive, pathogens are inserted into the body for the immune system to find a way to defend against these harmful viruses. Since 1924, more than 103 million cases of infectious diseases have been prevented because of these vaccinations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although vaccines have created a massive impact on our health, events have happened in which they did not work properly or even at all. Contaminations occurred that resulted in many deaths and other instances came about because of no vaccination at all. The Spanish flu was destructive to the bountiful amount of people it affected. As a matter of fact, in 1918, the Spanish flu killed a grand total of over fifty million people worldwide because of no vaccination. There was one called the BCG vaccine that helped fight against tuberculosis. This Bacillus Calmette-Guerin injection was given to hundreds of people in Germany. In 1929, over one hundred children died as a result of a contamination of the dose of BCG given in Lbeck, Germany. Another phenomenon was the plan of eradicating polio. In 1988, the World Health Assembly had a plan to completely eradicate polio by the year 2000. Unfortunately, that idea did not turn out as they planned and it has been exten ded since then. Different viruses infected the disease and caused it to have more development. The vaccines have been altered to hopefully help decrease the cases of polio each year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Today, evaccinations are needed for a wide variety of things. They have improved dramatically over the centuries and continue to be enhanced as medical technology advances. Epidemiology has played a huge role in the prevention of disease. Through clinical trials, studies, and reports, scientists can help find ways to develop and alter vaccine according to the results of the experiments. In the United States, there are some laws that require the vaccination of children for school and public safety. For example, we all need certain shots when we turn a certain age to keep us healthy and to go to school. Individuals do argue that this is against civil rights and should not be tolerated, but if you think about it, the world without vaccinations would absolutely miserable. You probably would not even be able to go out in public without catching an illness. Since no one would be vaccinated, sickness would spread rapidly everywhere.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Studies show that without vaccination for measles, 2.6 million people would die each year. The population would slowly deteriorate over time, causing problems everywhere throughout the whole entire world. Other studies show that in 2012, there was more than 157,000 deaths because of measles. Receiving an immunization could have reduced this number to around 90,000. Between 2007 and 2014, 140,000 people became sick with a disease and 1,400 people died because of having no vaccination at all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Society argues that there are many risks and side effects because of immunizations. Yes, there can be both side effects and risks, but would you want to put your life in danger when there is actually something that was created to help you? Countless sicknesses and diseases have been eradicated all because of a simple injection of a dose of vaccine. The first ever to be eradicated was smallpox. It has been eliminated along with rinderpest because of vaccinations. This is how the polio epidemic has decreased over time. Prevention from the illness has created a healthy environment for those exposed to it. Hopefully in the near future, polio can be completely eradicated. There are around 6.6 million children each year that still die from infectious diseases that could be prevented through a vaccine. If they were to receive the help they need, widespread illnesses could become less of a problem and more eradications would hopefully result.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Human beings may think these injections are not monitored or maintained, but numerous organizations have been created to provide safety and watch for problems that may arise from vaccinations. One in particular is the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, also known as VAERS. This system regulates any effects that occur from the reports they obtain after a vaccine is administered. This commission also catches signals that may be the start of something new in a sickness or other disease. The World Health Organization keeps track of health around the globe and watches for potential hazards that may arise. Together with the United Nations Childrens Fund, they allowed vaccinations to become worldwide. These systems resulted in laws being put into effect for school environments. This is why we have to receive shots before even starting school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Questions arise all the time about different situations that individuals think can result as part of getting a vaccination. According to the book Do Vaccines Cause That?!, common questions involve cancer, asthma, seizures, birth defects, and even damage to the immune system. In all cases, the vaccines do not cause any of these problems. Its the things people do or the reactions to the substance that occur. Some tend to overreact when thinking about getting an immunization. The only major problem that ever occurred with cancer was the SV40 virus when the vaccine was first introduced. This resulted in the formation of some tumors, but research never really found any evidence of actual cancer. Asthma has absolutely nothing to deal with the vaccines we receive. This can either be an inherited disorder or caused by the environment. In all of the instances listed, the only real way a reaction could occur is because of the vaccine itself or symptoms in your body . For example, if youre pregnant, doctors advise which immunizations you can and cannot receive during pregnancy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Medical technology has ameliorated immensely, changing the ways of health care over the centuries. Countless scientists have created wonderful works that can improve our society for the better. Although some problems occurred, vaccines still resulted in a decrease of illness and disease around the world. Organizations modernized and renovated the ways communities can receive immunizations around the globe. These same systems provide safety and prevent hazardous problems that may occur as a result of a poor vaccination. Studies and clinical trials continue to advance these vaccines for the safety and wellness of other people. If a disease changes or a virus occurs, scientists make sure the immunization is developed enough to defend against the new agent. Individuals may have questions because of other disorders that may seem to cooperate with vaccines, but the vaccines themselves do not cause the disorder. It is the symptoms that occur that spark societys interest in the ways vaccinations make things worse. Because of these advancements in science, we have a healthier and safer world to live in today. Why not receive a vaccine? Works Cited Greenwood, Brian. The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present, and future.   The Royal Society Publishing. The Royal Society, 14 May 2014. Web. 11 November 2018. Lombard, Michel F., et al. A brief history on vaccines and vaccination. ResearchGate. ResearchGate, 2018. Web. 11 November 2018. Myers, M.D., Martin G., and Diego Pineda. Do Vaccines Cause That?! Galveston, Texas: Immunizations for Public Health, 2008. Print.   Rooney, Anne, and David Anthram. You Wouldnt Want to Live Without Vaccinations! Great Britain: The Salariya Book Company Ltd, 2015. Print. Stern, Alexandra, and Howard Merkel. The History of Vaccines And Immunization: Familiar Patterns, New Challenges. Health Affairs. Project Hope, May 2005. Web. 11 November 2018.

Essay PROJECT PLANNING AND EVALUATION - 4731 Words

PROJECT PLANNING AND EVALUATION (under the Guidance and Supervision of Prof. Limuel C. Cirineo, Ed.D) I. INTRODUCTION: Before anyone is going to do something, there is nothing as sensible as planning. A plan as we know is something thought about and chalked out in advance before the real action takes place and is actually a recipe for success. But then, the word plan does not need much of a definition. It has been used so much that it has become quite hackneyed. So, we all know what it means, but how many of us really resort to planning before we start a course of action. Im not referring to a mental picture that we chart out in our minds that is in one word, vague. I mean a real plan in black and white, that is, put down on a†¦show more content†¦This step-by-step process highlights each feasible step in the project management cycle. By appropriately incorporating each step of the model into the planning stage, managers can effectively forecast the deliverables and avoid losing value through accurately assessing the margins that will be produced in a given strategic initiative. The control cycle is an important part of quality control, and it not only verifies the delivery of good quality but also identifies gaps and failures that need to be addressed. Ultimately, it is a process that continuously evolves within the production process. In this phase, which is the third, I’ve learned four important steps: PLAN, DO, CHECK and ACT. 4. EVALUATION AND REFINEMENT (reported by: Ms. Bernarda T. Cudal) After listening to the reporter, I have realized that in the Process of Project Management Cycle, we should not set aside this very important stage: Evaluation and Refinement. It is a major part of learning, and can provide a wealth of useful information on the outcomes of a project or action, and the dynamics of those who undertook the work. Through the identification of the highlights and lowlights of the project, evaluation draws conclusions which can inform future decision making, and assist to defineShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of Using A Protocol Adoption Of A Bundle Care For The Prevention Of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia1208 Words   |  5 Pagespatients admitted in the intensive care unit with mechanical intubation within this 6-month trial period. Evaluation is a systematic way of checking a project’s information on the activities, and characteristics in order to make a judgement of the project. Evaluation can help to give recommendations to the project and improve by adapting the recommendations and improve future projects. 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This journal covers the important stages of the Learning needs assessment and how it impacts every educational process that is aimed to inform changes in practice and policy for continuing professional developmentRead MoreEvaluating Greenby Education Department1538 Words   |  7 PagesaRunning head: EVALUATION RESEARCH PAPER Case 10: Evaluating the Consultation and Education Department Research University of Phoenix Evaluation the Consultation and Education Department The Greenby Community Mental Health Center process evaluation measure suggests the Consultation and Education Department needs to implement the address of the real questionable issue within the organization, and to evaluate the programs being offered through the organization. The questionable issueRead MoreThe Health Impact Of Supportive Housing For Hiv Positive Homeless Patients : A Randomized Controlled Trial1123 Words   |  5 PagesCommunity Councils and Planning Consultation. Planning Theory, 284-300 Anonymous. (2006). Newly constructed affordable housing must be adaptable for use by elderly and disabled. Planning Environmental Law, 28. Buchanan, D., Kee, R., Sadowski, L. S., Garcia, D. (2009). The Health Impact of Supportive Housing for HIV Positive Homeless Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Public Health, S675-S680. Cropsey, K. L., Wexler, H. K., Melnick, G., Taxman, F. S., Young, D. W. (2007). SpecializedRead MoreProject Duration And Critical Path Analysis1288 Words   |  6 PagesIntern objectives. 6 Interview question set 7 Senior software developer. 7 Junior software developer. 7 Manager (RD). 7 Manager (Logistics). 8 Intern. 9 Task and Duration 9 Project Duration and Critical Path Analysis 9 Project duration. Total time required for this development is approximate 29 days. 9 Critical path analysis. 9 Dependent task 9 PERT chart 10 Development

Die Opvoeder as Leier, Bestuurder En Administrateur Free Essays

string(49) " and democratic styles of classroom management \." Question 1 1. 1. Write a paragraph in which you discuss the role of communication in creatinga sustainable positive atmosphere in your classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on Die Opvoeder as Leier, Bestuurder En Administrateur or any similar topic only for you Order Now Communication is the transmission of an idea by someone, thesender, and the understanding thereof by another, the receiver. Communication is important to the success of any relationship,without it the relationship is doomed to fail. In order to increase thequality of the relationship the communication needs to be effective. Effective communication between the educator and the learners Inhis/her class is essential in order to create and maintain a positiveatmosphere in the classroom. 1. 2. Write a paragraph in which you discuss the importance of establishingpositive educator-learner relationships in the creation of a sustainablepositive atmosphere in your classroom. A positive educator-learner relationship is important as it enablesboth the educator and the learners to risk being honest with eachother, care about each other, it promotes interdependence, ensuresmutual needs are met and allows each individual to develop their  own individuality. The creation of the above leads to trust between the educator andlearners and as such will result in a positive classroom atmosphere. Creating a good educator-learner relationship involves the following(Coetzee 2010:87): ? Creating open, professionally appropriate dialogue with learners. ?  Ã‚  Systematically building better relationships with learners. ?  Ã‚  Maintaining a high rate of positive to negative statements. ?  Ã‚  Communicating high expectations. ?  Ã‚  Creating opportunities for personal discussion. Guidelines that can be used to avoid the negative effects of educator  expectations are as follows (Coetzee 2010:87): †¢ Use sensitive information on learners carefully. †¢    Be flexible in your use of group strategies. Be careful how you respond to low-achieving learners duringclass discussions. ? Use materials that show a wide range of ethnic groups. Be fair inyour evaluation and disciplinary procedures. ? Communicate to all learners that you believe that they can learn. ? Involve all learners in learning tasks and privileges. ? Monitor your non-verbal communication. . 3. Discuss how you would promote learner participation in a multiculturalclassroom by creating a learning environment that supports socialising andintercultural interaction . ? I would first read through all the learning materials for that givensubject in order to determine if there is any aspect of the work or  activities which may be culturally insensitive to any of thelearners in the class. ? I am aware that cognitive learning styles are culturally dependentand therefore will use a variety of teaching styles, methods andstrategies in my teaching of the class. ? In order for the learners to participate and actively cooperate witheach other it is necessary to be aware of any instances of  cultural insensitivity immediately and take action, a way to avoidthese situations, I could allow those members of differentcultures to explain about certain aspects of their culture to theother members of the class. This way I as the educator and theclass will learn about other cultures. ? I expect all the learners in my class to achieve to the best of their  ability as all people are able to learn provided they put in the timeand effort to do so. I am also aware that the academic andlearning ability of learners differ, so they at the beginning of theacademic year are required to set their own personal goals whichthey then work towards. These goals set are at levels slightlyabove what each learner believes they can achieve in order tochallenge them. When checking work done in activities the class needs to assistthe learner who is answering the specific question if they makean error in order to correct it, if they are unable to detect or  correct the error, I as the educator assist in guiding them to thecorrect answer. Question 2 2. 1. Name five ways in which educators can improve learner motivation in theclassroom . a) Make the learning task more challenging. b) Place less emphasis on teaching and grades. c) Move from extrinsic to intrinsic motivation. d) Have high expectations of each learner. e) Increase the learners ¶ perception that they control the learningsituation. 2. 2. Draw up the following of a classroom policy: 2. 2. 1. Aims and objectives of our class . Class Aims: To achieve our academic and intellectual potential through hardwork as a cooperative group, while promoting the acceptance of  others and respect for others. Individual Objectives: Each individual sets their own goals to achieve at the end of theyear (long-term) in order to contribute to the overall class aim. In order to achieve their own end of year goals the learners setshorter term goals in order to assist them in achieving their long-term goals. 2. 2. 2. Rules for our classroom . 1) We must respect ourselves, others and the educator. 2) We must be on time. 3) We must enter the class quietly, and get ready to work. 4) We need to bring all our stationary and books to class. 5) We must raise our hands to ask questions in class. ) We must not eat nor drink in class7) We must never disrupt another learner ¶s work. 8) We don ¶t leave litter on the floor, we put it in the bin. 2. 2. 3. Task division . Educator: ? Always prepared and punctual. ? Provide assistance to learners. ? Manage the classroom appropriately. ? Discipline learners fairlyLearners: ? Ensure all work is completed on time. ? Maintain a clean learning environment. ? Resp ect one another. ? Make sure all learning materials are brought to class. 2. 3. Define the following concepts: 2. 3. 1. L eadership The ability of an individual to influence other individuals or a groupto achieve goals. 2. 3. 2. C ntrol Assessment of work done and where necessary to realign andcorrect work done which is incorrect or not up to standard. 2. 3. 3. I ntrinsic motivation An inner desire to be successful at a certain task (self-motivation) 2. 3. 4 . C ommunication The transmission of an idea by someone, the sender, and theunderstanding thereof by another. Communication can be verbal or  non-verbal. 2. 3. 5 . Co-operative learning A team approach to learning where each member of the group isdependent on the other members to accomplish a specific learningtask on an assignment. 2. 4 . Describe the autocratic and democratic styles of classroom management . You read "Die Opvoeder as Leier, Bestuurder En Administrateur" in category "Essay examples" Autocratic leadership style: Autocratic leadership is an educator-centred approach to theclassroom which is characterised by the strong leadership role of theeducator. The main focus of this type of leadership is on thecompletion of tasks and the learners ¶ ability to listen, work and do. Theadvantages of this type of leadership include the promotion of goodorder and an established routine in which some learners feel moresecure. The drawbacks of this type of leadership include one-waycommunication, rigid discipline, passive learner participation, a morereserved and unapproachable educator and little room for creativethinking. Democratic leadership style: This leadership style is characterised by educators that have goodsubject knowledge, who are good natured, helpful, fair, and warm. Educators who practice this management style encourage learner  participation. The advantages of this type of leadership include learner  confidence to participate in classroom activities, a relaxed positiveatmosphere and learners constantly being involved in learningactivities. 2. 5 . Explain how a message is conveyed by referring to the communication processmodel . In order for there to be communication there first needs to be apurpose for communication or a message to be conveyed. Thismessage is then encoded by the sender and passed onto the receiver  via a communication medium. The message is then decoded by thereceiver. This results in a transfer of meaning from the sender to thereceiver, who then may give feedback back to the sender. Question 3  µ A delict is an unlawful, culpable (intentional or negligent) act (or omission)committed by a person, which infringes the rights of another or causes himor her harm.  ¶ (Coetzee 2010:188) ? To constitute delict, one person must have caused harm or damage to another byhis or her action or conduct . The conduct must be voluntary human action and maybe either a positive action or an omission .  µ In terms of this element of delictual liability the school can be held liable asthey failed to remove the piece of steel or at least clearly demarcate thearea around the piece of steel, in order to make people aware of it. Thecoach, knowing that there is a possibility that players could fall during thewarm up due to the nature of the sport, could also be held responsible asthe teams were responsible for choosing a warm up area and the coachshould as such have checked the area for any objects that could causeharm to team members. The act which causes harm must be wrongful, that is, it must be legallyreprehensible or unreasonable in terms of the legal convictions of the community . To test for unlawfulness, the boni mores principle is applied . The question here iswhether the harm caused was unjustified in the circumstances . I n the absence of  wrongfulness a defendant may not be held liable .  µ The school can be held liable as they should have taken all precautions tohelp to prevent an injury of this nature to any person on their schoolgrounds. Knowing that they were hosting a basketball tournament theyshould have removed any objects that could cause injuries to any playersor clearly demarcate the areas where there could be concerns over theplayer ¶s safety. The coach in being responsible for the safety of his teamshould have thoroughly inspected the area chosen for the warm up for anydangerous objects. ? The act must be the result of fault in the form of intent (d  olus) or negligence(culpa) . Fault refers to blameworthy attitude or conduct of someone who has actedwrongfully .  µ The coach of the team was negligent as he should have inspected thearea for any danger to the players, if he had done so he would have seenthe piece of steel and then either have chosen a different warm up area or  at least warn the players to either avoid that area or be careful around it. The school could be seen to be negligent for failure to remove the piece of  steel or clearly demarcate the area around the piece of school. ? There is a casual relationship between the conduct of the perpetrator and the harmsuffered by the victim . I general, it should be shown that the person ·s injury didresult from the actions of the person charged with negligence . I n other words, theremust be a clear casual relationship between the act and the injury . A person cannotbe held liable if he or she has not caused any damage .  µ The school ¶s negligence in not removing the piece of steel or demarcatingthe area around it resulted in the injury to the player, as such they can beheld lia ble. The coach for not thoroughly inspecting the area in which theplayers would warm up could also be held liable. ? A delict is a wrongful and culpable act which has harmful consequences . Damagesin the form of patrimonial loss or non-patrimonial loss must be present . There mustbe a connection between the negligent conduct and the injury (physical or mental ) . To receive an award for damages, a plaintiff must have suffered an injury as a resultof the defendant ·s negligent conduct . The plaintiff must prove that some damageoccurred . Although the injury or damage does not need to be substantial for anaward to be ordered, the injury must be real rather than be imagined . The courts aregenerally reluctant to award damages where there is not some form of injury .  µ Damages are present which are due to the negligent conduct on the partof the school, not removing the piece of steel or demarcating the areasurrounding the piece of steel, and coach, for not thoroughly inspectingthe area on which his players will be using to warm up. Contributory fault is where a learner does not show the degree of carenormally expected form someone of his or her age, knowledge andexperience. If this is present the educator will not be solely liable for anydamages resulting from an injury by his or her act. In the case in question,if the basketball tournament is for a junior age group (ie. under 15 ¶s) or asenior age group (ie. under 18 ¶s) will determine if there is contributory faulton the part of the learner ¶s. Under 18 learners ¶ can reasonably beexpected to be responsible enough to check themselves for any danger onthe warm up area chosen. Whereas the under 15 learners ¶ cannotreasonably be expected to check for any danger. How to cite Die Opvoeder as Leier, Bestuurder En Administrateur, Essay examples

The Red Violin free essay sample

The wood of my violin used to be a deep red. It used to be polished and shiny, the rich color standing out among the other violins in the shop. I rented it a week after I had turned ten, as a birthday present to myself. I loved it more than the world, until I actually started playing it. That was when I had realized something: playing violin is really, really hard. My fingers couldn’t hold the bow correctly and I dropped it more times than I could count. My left hand, responsible for every note that I played, betrayed me every day. My fingers throbbed after every ten minute practice and the dent of the string marked my fingers for weeks afterwards. That first year, I hated violin more than anything. The second year was even worse. Everyone who had struggled with me the year before suddenly became Mozart as they flawlessly played everything our teacher gave us. We will write a custom essay sample on The Red Violin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was left behind, forced to blame my terrible playing on the prescription of my glasses, claiming that I couldn’t see the right notes. By this time, my fingers had grown calluses to help slide on the string but they still abandoned me every time I had to play C sharp. To make it all worse, my teacher refused to let me drop to the beginner class, even though I was probably closer to their level than the advanced level of my friends. What I didn’t realize, and what my teacher had known all along, was that my fear of being left behind by my rapidly advancing peers forced me to practice until my fingers bled and my hand couldn’t close all the way. There were sixty five of us that first year in fourth grade. By fifth, there were seven. Three went on to middle school, and by the time high school rolled around, there was only me. I begged my friends to continue on with me so that I wouldn’t be the only one, but they were tired of aching fingers and lugging the huge case to and from school everyday.I never quit playing, partly because after so long it had become part of who I am. I could never abandon my dear violin, who had moved with me and lived with me through all the dreadful practices, the adrenaline filled concerts, and hardships of balancing practice with homework and sports. My violin was an old friend, always supporting me and providing a stress reliever and a quiet moment in my hectic daily cycle of sleep-school-soccer-clubs-homework-swim. Freshman year I outgrew my red violin, along with my old group of friends, music, and style, and bought a new violin that was a deep orange color. This one didn’t have the peeling tape my old one had to remind me of where to put my fingers. It was different in almost every way, but then again, so was I. I had swapped long straightened hair for my short natural curls, and my priorities had shifted from ‘make time to play violin’ to ‘balance violin with sports, magazine editor duties, volunteer service, and homework’. Up until a year ago, I never understood why I continued to play the violin. It was annoying to bring to school, took up at least an hour of valuable homework time to practice, was loud and screeching at times and added a layer of stress to everything when concerts came around. But those countless hours I spent hunched over sheet music were unforgettable. The feeling of pride that filled me when I managed to play a hard verse correctly made me feel warm to my core. And at the end of every day, no matter if I got a bad test score or missed a goal in soccer or came in last in my swim race, I just take a deep breath, tune my violin, and start playing.